The
National Gay & Lesbian Task Force has
released results of what they call "the largest-ever national survey of Asian and Pacific Islander (API) lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) Americans."
The Task Force study of the results is titled
Living in the Margins and shows high reported rates of discrimination.
Nearly every respondent (98 percent) had experienced at least one form of discrimination and/or harassment in their lives. - Eighty-five percent had experienced discrimination and/or harassment based on their race or ethnicity
- Seventy-five percent reported that they had experienced discrimination and/or harassment based on their sexual orientation
- Nearly seven in ten (69 percent) transgender respondents said they had experienced discrimination because they were transgender.
- Nearly all respondents (89 percent) agreed that homophobia and/or transphobia is a problem within the broader API community.
- Seventy-eight percent agreed that API LGBT people experience racism within the predominantly white LGBT community.
A Task Force press release on the study quotes Mala Nagarajan of
Trikone-Northwest in Seattle. "The lives of Asians and Pacific Islanders are complex," Nagarajan said, "and they are made invisible by popular perceptions of our community as 'the model minority.' This report helps shatter those myths and raises important issues from which we as a community can and need to mobilize."
Despite being the "largest ever" such survey, it still draws data from what strikes us as a relatively small sample. We're far from statistics experts, and the Task Force report doesn't list the survey's margin of error, but the data is drawn from "more than 860 respondents" in 38 states and the District of Columbia. That looks to our inexpert eye like a small group, which means that some of the results might be skewed.
The Task Force collaborated with API LGBT community organizations to administer the survey. The results show a high level of political involvement among respondents.
67 percent reported that they planned to vote in the 2006 mid-term election (approximately 20 percent reported that they were ineligible to vote).
Of those eligible to vote, a strong majority (67 percent) of respondents were affiliated with the Democratic Party, with 20 percent not affiliated with any political party. Two percent were Republican.
Strong majorities of respondents also reported that they participate in other political activities, including signing petitions (81 percent), participating in marches or rallies (65 percent) and contacting their elected officials (55 percent).
This is a point where the sample size and the methods of finding respondents -- through community organizations that are more likely to attract politically active members -- might lead to imbalanced results.
But, despite those possible problems, it's a fascinating report that goes a long way toward fulfilling the study's goal:
to collect basic demographic data on API LGBT Americans and quantitatively analyze the effect of multiple minority identities on their experiences of discrimination and harassment, as well as their political and civic participation.
The study authors conclude in the report's
Executive Summary:
This study reveals insights into the lived experiences of API LGBT people. Through understanding the intersections of racism, homophobia/transphobia, sexism and classism and how these affect API LGBT people, key issues emerge as recurring opportunities for proactive organizing. The issues addressed in this report cut to the heart of community members' experiences as a racial or ethnic minority in predominantly white LGBT settings, and likewise, as LGBT participants in predominantly heterosexual API environments.
An anecdotal example of the complexity demonstrated by the survey data is provided on the website of the Seattle group Tricone-Northwest. Tricone
describes itself as "a vibrant, diverse group of individuals creating a social, supportive, educational, and political space for differently oriented South Asians and their family, friends and community."
The group's goal is to "to create a safe and inclusive world where differently oriented South Asians can freely express themselves and reach their unlimited potential by building community, increasing social and political visibility, and promoting racial and sexual equality."
These kinds of statements are usually hammered out by consensus in group meetings. Notice that even the usual alphabet soup of "LGBTQA" (choose at least three) doesn't seem to work. Instead, the group shows the complex nature of its intended membership by using the term "differently oriented."
They describe the term:
By differently oriented we mean those individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, or queer and those who choose not to accept a label or prefer other identities such as hijra, kothi, meti, men who have sex with men (MSM) or women who have sex with women (WSW).
The survey breaks out results for the 30 respondents who live in Washington. That's a tiny sample size, but the results are generally in line with the overall survey results with a few notable exceptions. Washington respondents were more politically active, with 80% saying they planned to vote in the upcoming elections, compared with 67% of those in the overall survey.
Within the small and politically active sample, Washington respondents also identified slightly different political priorities, showing more interest in two issues -- marriage equality and discrimination -- recently addressed (partly) by the state legislature.
- Marriage equality ---------------- WA: 40%, Overall: 35%
- Immigration ----------------------- WA: 37%, Overall: 32%
- Media representations ---------- WA: 33%, Overall: 37%
- Job discrimination/ harassment - WA: 33%, Overall: 29%
- Hate violence/harassment -------- WA: 33%, Overall: 39%
In the overall results, one-third of respondents reported being in a committed relationship, and 10 percent had a domestic partner. Washington respondents were more likely to be partnered, with more than double the number having a "domestic partner" even before the state-wide DP registry takes effect. In Washington 20% of respondents reported being in a committed relationship, 23% had a domestic partner, 7% were dating and 37% were single. The remaining chose various other categories.
The Washington sample shows how the issue of labels plays out in the numbers (where respondents could choose multiple labels). Results from the larger survey are included in square brackets:
50% self-identified as gay [47%], 27% as lesbian [19%], and 3% bisexual [9%], while 20% identified as "queer" [20%]. The remaining chose various other categories.
Local LGBT groups should note one startling stat in the Washington breakout. The Washington respondents were more likely to report "that API LGBT people experience racism/ethnic insensitivity within the predominantly white LGBT community." 87% of the Washington respondents agreed with that statement compared with 78% in the overall survey. Again, the small sample size might skew things, but the number indicates that there is probably much work to do in these parts. The number is high here and elsewhere despite long-time presence from API groups in local Pride marches and in some community organizations.
Labels: equal rights, gay news, gay organization, Seattle, Washington